[Hewitt & Cunningham 22]   
M. Hewitt and H. Cunningham. Taxonomic Classification of IoT Smart Home Voice Control. arXiv/cs.HC, CoRR, abs/2210.15656, 2022. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.15656.

[Tablan et al. 14]   
V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, I. Roberts, and H. Cunningham. Mímir: an open-source semantic search framework for interactive information seeking and discovery. Journal of Web Semantics, 2014.

[Cunningham et al. 13]   
H. Cunningham, V. Tablan, A. Roberts, and K. Bontcheva. Getting more out of biomedical documents with gate’s full lifecycle open source text analytics. PLoS Computational Biology, 9(2):e1002854, 02 2013.

[Damljanovic et al. 13]   
D. Damljanovic, M. Agatonovic, H. Cunningham, and K. Bontcheva. Improving habitability of natural language interfaces for querying ontologies with feedback and clarifcation dialogues. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, 0(0), 2013. http://bit.ly/JWSsd.

[Johansson et al. 12]   
M. Johansson, A. Roberts, D. Chen, Y. Li, M. Delahaye-Sourdeix, N. Aswani, M. A. Greenwood, S. Benhamou, P. Lagiou, I. Holcátová, L. Richiardi, K. Kjaerheim, A. Agudo, X. Castellsagué, T. V. M. andLuigi Barzan, C. Canova, N. S. Thakker, D. I. Conway, A. Znaor, C. M. Healy, W. Ahrens, D. Zaridze, N. Szeszenia-Dabrowska, J. Lissowska, E. Fabianova, I. N. Mates, V. Bencko, L. Foretova, V. J. andMaria Paula Curado, S. Koifman, A. Menezes, V. Wünsch-Filho, J. E. Neto, P. Boffetta, S. Franceschi, R. Herrero, L. F. Garrote, R. Talamini, S. Boccia, P. Galan, L. Vatten, P. Thomson, D. Zelenika, M. Lathrop, G. Byrnes, H. Cunningham, P. Brennan, J. Wakefield, and J. D. Mckay. Using prior information from the medical literature in gwas of oral cancer identifies novel susceptibility variant on chromosome 4 – the adapt method. PLoS ONE, 7(5):e36888, 05 2012.

[Tablan et al. 12]   
V. Tablan, I. Roberts, H. Cunningham, and K. Bontcheva. GATECloud.net: a Platform for Large-Scale, Open-Source Text Processing on the Cloud. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Physical, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, 370, 2012.

[Bontcheva & Cunningham 11]   
K. Bontcheva and H. Cunningham. Semantic annotations and retrieval: Manual, semiautomatic, and automatic generation. In J. Domingue, D. Fensel, and J. Hendler, editors, Handbook of Semantic Web Technologies, pages 77–116. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

[Cunningham et al. 11b]   
H. Cunningham, N. Fuhr, and B. Stein, editors. Challenges in Document Mining – Report from Dagstuhl Seminar 11171, Dagstuhl Reports, Dagstuhl, Germany, May 2011. Leibniz-Zerntrum für Informatik.

[Cunningham et al. 11a]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, N. Aswani, I. Roberts, G. Gorrell, A. Funk, A. Roberts, D. Damljanovic, T. Heitz, M. Greenwood, H. Saggion, J. Petrak, Y. Li, and W. Peters. Text Processing with GATE (Version 6). http://gate.ac.uk/books.html, 2011.

[Cunningham et al. 10c]   
H. Cunningham, A. Hanbury, and S. Rüger. Scaling up high-value retrieval to medium-volume data. In H. Cunningham, A. Hanbury, and S. Rüger, editors, Advances in Multidisciplinary Retrieval (the 1st Information Retrieval Facility Conference). LNCS volume number: 6107, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vienna, Austria, May 2010. Springer.

[Cunningham 02]   
H. Cunningham. GATE, a General Architecture for Text Engineering. Computers and the Humanities, 36:223–254, 2002.

[Cunningham et al. 02b]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, and V. Tablan. GATE: A Framework and Graphical Development Environment for Robust NLP Tools and Applications. In Proceedings of the 40th Anniversary Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL’02), 2002.

[Cunningham 05a]   
H. Cunningham. Computational Language Systems, Architectures. Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd Edition, 2005.

[Cunningham 05b]   
H. Cunningham. Information Extraction, Automatic. Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd Edition, 2005.

[Cunningham 99a]   
H. Cunningham. A Definition and Short History of Language Engineering. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 5(1):1–16, 1999.

[Cunningham & Bontcheva 05b]   
H. Cunningham and K. Bontcheva. Knowledge Management and Human Language: Crossing the Chasm. Journal of Knowledge Management, 2005.

[Cunningham & Scott 04]   
H. Cunningham and D. Scott. Introduction to the Special Issue on Software Architecture for Language Engineering. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 2004.

[Cunningham et al. 97b]   
H. Cunningham, K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, and Y. Wilks. Software Infrastructure for Natural Language Processing. In Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Applied Natural Language Processing (ANLP-97), March 1997. http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cs.CL/9702005.

[Cunningham et al. 94a]   
H. Cunningham, M. Freeman, and W. Black. Software Reuse, Object-Oriented Frameworks and Natural Language Processing. In New Methods in Language Processing (NeMLaP-1), September 1994, Manchester, 1994. (Re-published in book form 1997 by UCL Press).

[Li et al. 09]   
Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Adapting SVM for Data Sparseness and Imbalance: A Case Study on Information Extraction. Natural Language Engineering, 15(02):241–271, 2009.

[Davis et al. 10]   
B. Davis, P. Dantuluri, S. Handschuh, and H. Cunningham. Towards controlled natural language for semantic annotation. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 6(4):64–91, 2010.

[Bontcheva et al. 04]   
K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, D. Maynard, and H. Cunningham. Evolving GATE to Meet New Challenges in Language Engineering. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 2004.

[Saggion et al. 03b]   
H. Saggion, H. Cunningham, K. Bontcheva, D. Maynard, O. Hamza, and Y. Wilks. Multimedia Indexing through Multisource and Multilingual Information Extraction; the MUMIS project. Data and Knowledge Engineering, 2003.

[Li et al. 05b]   
Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Using Uneven Margins SVM and Perceptron for Information Extraction. In Proceedings of Ninth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL-2005), 2005.

[Dowman et al. 05b]   
M. Dowman, V. Tablan, H. Cunningham, and B. Popov. Web-assisted annotation, semantic indexing and search of television and radio news. In Proceedings of the 14th International World Wide Web Conference, Chiba, Japan, 2005.

[Li et al. 07a]   
Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Hierarchical, Perceptron-like Learning for Ontology Based Information Extraction. In 16th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2007), pages 777–786, May 2007.

[Johansson et al. 09a]   
M. Johansson, Y. Li, J. Wakefield, M. Greenwood, T. Heitz, I. Roberts, H. Cunningham, P. Brennan, A. Roberts, and J. Mckay. Using prior information attained from the literature to improve ranking in genome-wide association studies. In The American Society of Human Genetics 59th Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, October 2009.

[Guthrie et al. 04]   
L. Guthrie, R. Basili, F. Zanzotto, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, D. Guthrie, J. Cui, M. Cammisa, J. Liu, C. Martin, K. Haralambiev, M. Holub, K. Machery, and F. Jelinek. Large Scale Experiments for Semantic Labelling of Noun Phrases in Raw Text. In Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2004), 2004.

[Maynard et al. 03b]   
D. Maynard, V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Rapid customisation of an Information Extraction system for surprise languages. Special issue of ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing: Rapid Development of Language Capabilities: The Surprise Languages, 2003.

[Maynard et al. 02d]   
D. Maynard, V. Tablan, H. Cunningham, C. Ursu, H. Saggion, K. Bontcheva, and Y. Wilks. Architectural Elements of Language Engineering Robustness. Journal of Natural Language Engineering – Special Issue on Robust Methods in Analysis of Natural Language Data, 8(2/3):257–274, 2002.

[McEnery et al. 00]   
A. McEnery, P. Baker, R. Gaizauskas, and H. Cunningham. EMILLE: Building a Corpus of South Asian Languages. Vivek, A Quarterly in Artificial Intelligence, 13(3):23–32, 2000.

[Rodgers et al. 97]   
P. Rodgers, R. Gaizauskas, K. Humphreys, and H. Cunningham. Visual Execution and Data Visualisation in Natural Language Processing. In IEEE Visual Language, 1997.

[Tablan et al. 14]   
V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, I. Roberts, and H. Cunningham. Mímir: an open-source semantic search framework for interactive information seeking and discovery. Journal of Web Semantics, 2014.

[Cunningham et al. 13]   
H. Cunningham, V. Tablan, A. Roberts, and K. Bontcheva. Getting more out of biomedical documents with gate’s full lifecycle open source text analytics. PLoS Computational Biology, 9(2):e1002854, 02 2013.

[Cunningham 99a]   
H. Cunningham. A Definition and Short History of Language Engineering. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 5(1):1–16, 1999.

[Cunningham 02]   
H. Cunningham. GATE, a General Architecture for Text Engineering. Computers and the Humanities, 36:223–254, 2002.

[Cunningham et al. 05]   
H. Cunningham, K. Bontcheva, and Y. Li. Knowledge Management and Human Language: Crossing the Chasm. Journal of Knowledge Management, 9(5):108–131, 2005.

[Cunningham et al. 11b]   
H. Cunningham, N. Fuhr, and B. Stein, editors. Challenges in Document Mining – Report from Dagstuhl Seminar 11171, Dagstuhl Reports, Dagstuhl, Germany, May 2011. Leibniz-Zerntrum für Informatik.

[Damljanovic et al. 13]   
D. Damljanovic, M. Agatonovic, H. Cunningham, and K. Bontcheva. Improving habitability of natural language interfaces for querying ontologies with feedback and clarifcation dialogues. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, 0(0), 2013. http://bit.ly/JWSsd.

[Johansson et al. 12]   
M. Johansson, A. Roberts, D. Chen, Y. Li, M. Delahaye-Sourdeix, N. Aswani, M. A. Greenwood, S. Benhamou, P. Lagiou, I. Holcátová, L. Richiardi, K. Kjaerheim, A. Agudo, X. Castellsagué, T. V. M. andLuigi Barzan, C. Canova, N. S. Thakker, D. I. Conway, A. Znaor, C. M. Healy, W. Ahrens, D. Zaridze, N. Szeszenia-Dabrowska, J. Lissowska, E. Fabianova, I. N. Mates, V. Bencko, L. Foretova, V. J. andMaria Paula Curado, S. Koifman, A. Menezes, V. Wünsch-Filho, J. E. Neto, P. Boffetta, S. Franceschi, R. Herrero, L. F. Garrote, R. Talamini, S. Boccia, P. Galan, L. Vatten, P. Thomson, D. Zelenika, M. Lathrop, G. Byrnes, H. Cunningham, P. Brennan, J. Wakefield, and J. D. Mckay. Using prior information from the medical literature in gwas of oral cancer identifies novel susceptibility variant on chromosome 4 – the adapt method. PLoS ONE, 7(5):e36888, 05 2012.

[Tablan et al. 12]   
V. Tablan, I. Roberts, H. Cunningham, and K. Bontcheva. GATECloud.net: a Platform for Large-Scale, Open-Source Text Processing on the Cloud. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Physical, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, 370, 2012.

[Azzam et al. 99]   
S. Azzam, K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, H. Cunningham, and Y. Wilks. Using a Language Independent Domain Model for Multilingual Information Extraction. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 13(7), 1999. Special Issue on Multilinguality in the Software Industry: the AI Contribution (MULSAIC-97).

[Bontcheva et al. 04]   
K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, D. Maynard, and H. Cunningham. Evolving GATE to Meet New Challenges in Language Engineering. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 2004.

[Davis et al. 10]   
B. Davis, P. Dantuluri, S. Handschuh, and H. Cunningham. Towards controlled natural language for semantic annotation. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 6(4):64–91, 2010.

[Fensel et al. 08]   
D. Fensel, F. van Harmelen, B. Andersson, P. Brennan, H. Cunningham, E. D. Valle, F. Fischer, Z. Huang, A. Kiryakov, T. K. il Lee, L. School, V. Tresp, S. Wesner, M. Witbrock, and N. Zhong. Towards LarKC: a Platform for Web-Scale Reasoning. IEEE Computer Society Press Los Alamitos, CA, USA, 8 2008.

[Li et al. 09]   
Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Adapting SVM for Data Sparseness and Imbalance: A Case Study on Information Extraction. Natural Language Engineering, 15(02):241–271, 2009.

[Maynard et al. 02d]   
D. Maynard, V. Tablan, H. Cunningham, C. Ursu, H. Saggion, K. Bontcheva, and Y. Wilks. Architectural Elements of Language Engineering Robustness. Journal of Natural Language Engineering – Special Issue on Robust Methods in Analysis of Natural Language Data, 8(2/3):257–274, 2002.

[Maynard et al. 03b]   
D. Maynard, V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Rapid customisation of an Information Extraction system for surprise languages. Special issue of ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing: Rapid Development of Language Capabilities: The Surprise Languages, 2003.

[McEnery et al. 00]   
A. McEnery, P. Baker, R. Gaizauskas, and H. Cunningham. EMILLE: Building a Corpus of South Asian Languages. Vivek, A Quarterly in Artificial Intelligence, 13(3):23–32, 2000.

[Rodgers et al. 97]   
P. Rodgers, R. Gaizauskas, K. Humphreys, and H. Cunningham. Visual Execution and Data Visualisation in Natural Language Processing. In IEEE Visual Language, 1997.

[Saggion et al. 03b]   
H. Saggion, H. Cunningham, K. Bontcheva, D. Maynard, O. Hamza, and Y. Wilks. Multimedia Indexing through Multisource and Multilingual Information Extraction; the MUMIS project. Data and Knowledge Engineering, 2003.

[Cunningham 16]   
H. Cunningham. Aquaponics – saving the world with fish poo. Now Then Magazine: http://nowthenmagazine.com/sheffield/issue-94/aquaponics/, 2016.

[Cunningham & Kotzen 15]   
H. Cunningham and B. Kotzen. The sustainable vegetables that thrive on a diet of fish poo. The Conversation: https://theconversation.com/the-sustainable-vegetables-that-thrive-on-a-diet-of-fish-poo-50160, 2015.

[Pounder 14]   
L. Pounder. MoPi. Linux Voice December 2014.

[Sonnenwald & Cunningham 13]   
F. Sonnenwald and H. Cunningham. Painting with XLoBorg: Electronic Art using and Accelerometer. The MagPi: https://issuu.com/themagpi/docs/issue19final, 2015.

[Cunningham 98]   
H. Cunningham. GATE to infrastructure. ELSNews, 7(4), 1998.

[Cunningham et al. 02a]   
H. Cunningham, K. Bontcheva, D. Maynard, and V. Tablan. GATE – A New Release. ELSNews, 11(1), 2002.

[Cunningham & Scott 04]   
H. Cunningham and D. Scott. Introduction to the Special Issue on Software Architecture for Language Engineering. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 2004.

[Cunningham 12]   
H. Cunningham. Agile Research. ArXiv e-prints, February 2012.

[Li & Cunningham 08]   
Y. Li and H. Cunningham. Geometric and Quantum Methods for Information Retrieval. SIGIR Forum, 42(2):22–32, 2008.

[Saggion et al. 02a]   
H. Saggion, H. Cunningam, Y. Wilks, T. Declerck, and P. Wittenburg. English Information Extraction from Football Reports in the Context of the MUMIS Project. ELSNews, 11(2), 2002.

[Cunningham et al. 94a]   
H. Cunningham, M. Freeman, and W. Black. Software Reuse, Object-Oriented Frameworks and Natural Language Processing. In New Methods in Language Processing (NeMLaP-1), September 1994, Manchester, 1994. (Re-published in book form 1997 by UCL Press).

[Cunningham et al. 96b]   
H. Cunningham, K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, and Y. Wilks. TIPSTER-Compatible Projects at Sheffield. In Advances in Text Processing, TIPSTER Program Phase II. DARPA, Morgan Kaufmann, California, 1996.

[Cunningham et al. 97a]   
H. Cunningham, K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, and Y. Wilks. GATE – a TIPSTER-based General Architecture for Text Engineering. In The TIPSTER Text Program (Phase III). Morgan Kaufmann, California, May 1997.

[Cunningham 05a]   
H. Cunningham. Computational Language Systems, Architectures. Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd Edition, 2005.

[Cunningham 05b]   
H. Cunningham. Information Extraction, Automatic. Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd Edition, 2005.

[Cunningham et al. 06]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, C. Ursu, M. Dimitrov, M. Dowman, N. Aswani, and I. Roberts. Developing Language Processing Components with GATE Version 3.1 (a User Guide). http://gate.ac.uk/, 2006.

[Cunningham et al. 09]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, M. Dimitrov, M. Dowman, N. Aswani, I. Roberts, Y. Li, and A. Funk. Developing Language Processing Components with GATE Version 5.0 (a User Guide). http://gate.ac.uk/, 2009.

[Cunningham et al. 10a]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, M. Dimitrov, M. Dowman, N. Aswani, I. Roberts, Y. Li, A. Funk, G. Gorrell, J. Petrak, H. Saggion, D. Damljanovic, and A. Roberts. Developing Language Processing Components with GATE Version 5.0 (a User Guide). The University of Sheffield, 2010.

[Cunningham et al. 10b]   
H. Cunningham, A. Hanbury, and S. Rüger, editors. Advances in Multidisciplinary Retrieval (the 1st Information Retrieval Facility Conference). LNCS volume number: 6107, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vienna, Austria, May 2010. Springer.

[Cunningham et al. 11]   
H. Cunningham, V. Tablan, I. Roberts, M. A. Greenwood, and N. Aswani. Information Extraction and Semantic Annotation for Multi-Paradigm Information Management. In M. Lupu, K. Mayer, J. Tait, and A. J. Trippe, editors, Current Challenges in Patent Information Retrieval, volume 29 of The Information Retrieval Series. Springer, 2011.

[Cunningham et al. 11a]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, N. Aswani, I. Roberts, G. Gorrell, A. Funk, A. Roberts, D. Damljanovic, T. Heitz, M. Greenwood, H. Saggion, J. Petrak, Y. Li, and W. Peters. Text Processing with GATE (Version 6). http://gate.ac.uk/books.html, 2011.

[Black et al. 92]   
W. Black, N. Underwood, and H. Cunningham. Dialogue Management in a Pragmatics-Based Natural Language Information System. In T. McEnery and C. Paice, editors, British Computer Society 14th Information Retrieval Colloquium, Lancaster, 1992. Springer-Verlag.

[Bontcheva & Cunningham 11]   
K. Bontcheva and H. Cunningham. Semantic annotations and retrieval: Manual, semiautomatic, and automatic generation. In J. Domingue, D. Fensel, and J. Hendler, editors, Handbook of Semantic Web Technologies, pages 77–116. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

[Bontcheva et al. 06]   
K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, A. Kiryakov, and V. Tablan. Metadata Extraction. In J. Davies, R. Studer, and P. Warren, editors, Semantic Web Technologies. John Wiley and Sons, 2006.

[Bontcheva et al. 14]   
K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, and H. Cunningham. Semantic search over documents and ontologies. In Bridging Between Information Retrieval and Databases, volume 8173, pages 31–53. Springer Verlag, 2014.

[Davis et al. 10]   
B. Davis, P. Dantuluri, L. Dragan, S. Handschuh, and H. Cunningham. On designing controlled natural languages for semantic annotation. In N. E. Fuchs, editor, Proceedings of the Workshop on Controlled Natural Language (CNL 2009), Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, 2010.

[Dimitrov et al. 14]   
M. Dimitrov, H. Cunningham, I. Roberts, P. Kostov, A. Simov, P. Rigaux, and H. Lippell. AnnoMarket – Multilingual Text Analytics at Scale on the Cloud, pages 315–319. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014.

[Dimitrov et al. 04]   
M. Dimitrov, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, and D. Maynard. A Light-weight Approach to Coreference Resolution for Named Entities in Text. In A. Branco, T. McEnery, and R. Mitkov, editors, Anaphora Processing: Linguistic, Cognitive and Computational Modelling. John Benjamins, 2005.

[Gaizauskas et al. 96b]   
R. Gaizauskas, T. Wakao, K. Humphreys, H. Cunningham, and Y. Wilks. Description of the LaSIE system as used for MUC-6. In Proceedings of the Sixth Message Understanding Conference (MUC-6), pages 207 – 220, San Francisco, California, 1996. Morgan Kaufmann, California.

[Li et al. 05a]   
Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. SVM Based Learning System For Information Extraction. In Proceedings of Sheffield Machine Learning Workshop, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Verlag, 2005.

[Maynard et al. 02c]   
D. Maynard, H. Cunningham, and R. Gaizauskas. Named entity recognition at Sheffield University. In H. Holmboe, editor, Nordic Language Technology – Arbog for Nordisk Sprogtechnologisk Forskningsprogram 2002-2004, pages 141–145. Museum Tusculanums Forlag, 2002.

[Al-Mhabis & Cunningham 17]   
N. Al-Mhabis and H. Cunningham. Socio-political perspectives on surveillance and censorship: Implications for on-line privacy in the age of cloud computing. In IEEE Computing Conference, July 2017.

[Cunningham et al. 96c]   
H. Cunningham, Y. Wilks, and R. Gaizauskas. GATE – a General Architecture for Text Engineering. In Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-96), Copenhagen, August 1996.

[Cunningham et al. 96e]   
H. Cunningham, Y. Wilks, and R. Gaizauskas. New Methods, Current Trends and Software Infrastructure for NLP. In Proceedings of the Conference on New Methods in Natural Language Processing (NeMLaP-2), Bilkent University, Turkey, September 1996. http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cs.CL/9607025.

[Cunningham et al. 97b]   
H. Cunningham, K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, and Y. Wilks. Software Infrastructure for Natural Language Processing. In Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Applied Natural Language Processing (ANLP-97), March 1997. http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cs.CL/9702005.

[Cunningham et al. 98b]   
H. Cunningham, M. Stevenson, and Y. Wilks. Implementing a Sense Tagger within a General Architecture for Language Engineering. In Proceedings of the Third Conference on New Methods in Language Engineering (NeMLaP-3), pages 59–72, Sydney, Australia, 1998.

[Cunningham et al. 00b]   
H. Cunningham, K. Bontcheva, V. Tablan, and Y. Wilks. Software Infrastructure for Language Resources: a Taxonomy of Previous Work and a Requirements Analysis. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-2), Athens, 2000. http://gate.ac.uk/.

[Cunningham et al. 02b]   
H. Cunningham, D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, and V. Tablan. GATE: A Framework and Graphical Development Environment for Robust NLP Tools and Applications. In Proceedings of the 40th Anniversary Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL’02), 2002.

[Cunningham et al. 03]   
H. Cunningham, V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, and M. Dimitrov. Language Engineering Tools for Collaborative Corpus Annotation. In Proceedings of Corpus Linguistics 2003, Lancaster, UK, 2003.

[Cunningham et al. 10c]   
H. Cunningham, A. Hanbury, and S. Rüger. Scaling up high-value retrieval to medium-volume data. In H. Cunningham, A. Hanbury, and S. Rüger, editors, Advances in Multidisciplinary Retrieval (the 1st Information Retrieval Facility Conference). LNCS volume number: 6107, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vienna, Austria, May 2010. Springer.

[Agatonovic et al. 08]   
M. Agatonovic, N. Aswani, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, T. Heitz, Y. Li, I. Roberts, and V. Tablan. Large-scale, parallel automatic patent annotation. In Proc. of 1st International CIKM Workshop on Patent Information Retrieval – PaIR’08, Napa Valley, California, USA, October 30 2008.

[Aswani et al. 05]   
N. Aswani, V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Indexing and Querying Linguistic Metadata and Document Content. In Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP2005), Borovets, Bulgaria, 2005.

[Aswani et al. 06]   
N. Aswani, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Mining information for instance unification. In 5th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2006), Athens, Georgia, 2006.

[Baker et al. 02]   
P. Baker, A. Hardie, T. McEnery, H. Cunningham, and R. Gaizauskas. EMILLE, A 67-Million Word Corpus of Indic Languages: Data Collection, Mark-up and Harmonisation. In Proceedings of 3rd Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC’2002), pages 819–825, 2002.

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K. Bontcheva, D. Maynard, H. Cunningham, and H. Saggion. Using Human Language Technology for Automatic Annotation and Indexing of Digital Library Content. In Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL’2002), Rome, Italy, 2002.

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D. Damljanovic, M. Agatonovic, and H. Cunningham. Identification of the Question Focus: Combining Syntactic Analysis and Ontology-based Lookup through the User Interaction. In 7th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC), La Valletta, Malta, May 2010. ELRA.

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D. Damljanovic, M. Agatonovic, and H. Cunningham. Natural Language Interfaces to Ontologies: Combining Syntactic Analysis and Ontology-based Lookup through the User Interaction. In Proceedings of the 7th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2010), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Heraklion, Greece, June 2010. Springer-Verlag.

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T. Declerck, H. Cunningham, H. Saggion, J. Kuper, D. Reidsma, and P. Wittenburg. MUMIS – Advanced Information Extraction for Multimedia Indexing and Searching. In Proceedings of WIAMIS, London, 2003.

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M. Dimitrov, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, and D. Maynard. A Light-weight Approach to Coreference Resolution for Named Entities in Text. In Proceedings of the Fourth Discourse Anaphora and Anaphor Resolution Colloquium (DAARC), Lisbon, 2002.

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M. Dowman, V. Tablan, H. Cunningham, and B. Popov. Content augmentation for mixed-mode news broadcasts. In Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Interactive Television: User Centred ITV Systems, Programmes and Applications, Aalborg University, Denmark, 2005.

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M. Dowman, V. Tablan, H. Cunningham, and B. Popov. Web-assisted annotation, semantic indexing and search of television and radio news. In Proceedings of the 14th International World Wide Web Conference, Chiba, Japan, 2005. http://gate.ac.uk/sale/www05/web-assisted-annotation.pdf.

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M. Dowman, V. Tablan, H. Cunningham, C. Ursu, and B. Popov. Semantically enhanced television news through web and video integration. In Second European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC’2005), 2005.

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A. Funk, V. Tablan, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, B. Davis, and S. Handschuh. CLoNE: Controlled Language for Ontology Editing. In Proceedings of the 6th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2007), Busan, Korea, November 2007.

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R. Gaizauskas, H. Cunningham, Y. Wilks, P. Rodgers, and K. Humphreys. GATE – an Environment to Support Research and Development in Natural Language Engineering. In Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI-96), Toulouse, France, October 1996.

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L. Guthrie, R. Basili, F. Zanzotto, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, D. Guthrie, J. Cui, M. Cammisa, J. Liu, C. Martin, K. Haralambiev, M. Holub, K. Machery, and F. Jelinek. Large Scale Experiments for Semantic Labelling of Noun Phrases in Raw Text. In Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2004), 2004.

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K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, S. Azzam, C. Huyck, B. Mitchell, H. Cunningham, and Y. Wilks. Description of the LaSIE system as used for MUC-7. In Proceedings of the Seventh Message Understanding Conference (MUC-7). http://www.itl.nist.gov/iaui/894.02/related_projects/muc/index.html, 1998.

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M. Johansson, Y. Li, J. Wakefield, M. Greenwood, T. Heitz, I. Roberts, H. Cunningham, P. Brennan, A. Roberts, and J. Mckay. Using prior information attained from the literature to improve ranking in genome-wide association studies. In The American Society of Human Genetics 59th Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, October 2009.

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M. Johansson, Y. Li, J. Wakefield, M. Greenwood, T. Heitz, I. Roberts, H. Cunningham, P. Brennan, A. Roberts, and J. Mckay. Using prior information attained from the literature to improve ranking in genome-wide association studies. In International Genetic Epidemiology Society (IGES) 18th Annual Conference, Kahuku, Hawaii, USA, October 2009.

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Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Using Uneven Margins SVM and Perceptron for Information Extraction. In Proceedings of Ninth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL-2005), 2005.

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Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Hierarchical, Perceptron-like Learning for Ontology Based Information Extraction. In 16th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2007), pages 777–786, May 2007.

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Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Experiments of opinion analysis on the corpora MPQA and NTCIR-6. In Proceedings of the Sixth NTCIR Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies: Information Retrieval, Question Answering and Cross-Lingual Information Access, pages 323–329, May 2007.

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Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. SVM Based Learning System for F-term Patent Classification. In Proceedings of the Sixth NTCIR Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies: Information Retrieval, Question Answering and Cross-Lingual Information Access, pages 396–402, May 2007.

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D. Maynard, V. Tablan, C. Ursu, H. Cunningham, and Y. Wilks. Named Entity Recognition from Diverse Text Types. In Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing 2001 Conference, pages 257–274, Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, 2001.

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D. Maynard, H. Cunningham, K. Bontcheva, and M. Dimitrov. Adapting A Robust Multi-Genre NE System for Automatic Content Extraction. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Applications (AIMSA 2002), 2002.

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D. Maynard, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Towards a semantic extraction of Named Entities. In Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, Bulgaria, 2003.

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D. Maynard, H. Cunningham, M. Yankova, A. Kourakis, and A. Kokossis. Ontology-Based Information Extraction in hTechSight. In First European Semantic Web Symposium (ESWS 2004), Heraklion, Crete, 2004.

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D. Maynard, H. Cunningham, A. Kourakis, and A. Kokossis. Ontology-Based Information Extraction in hTechSight. In First European Semantic Web Symposium ( ESWS 2004), Heraklion, Crete, 2004.

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D. Maynard, M. Yankova, N. Aswani, and H. Cunningham. Automatic Creation and Monitoring of Semantic Metadata in a Dynamic Knowledge Portal. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Applications (AIMSA 2004), Varna, Bulgaria, 2004.

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K. Pastra, D. Maynard, H. Cunningham, O. Hamza, and Y. Wilks. How feasible is the reuse of grammars for named entity recognition? In Proceedings of the 3rd Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, 2002.

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D. Reidsma, J. Kuper, T. Declerck, H. Saggion, and H. Cunningham. Cross-Document Ontology-Based Information Extraction for Multimedia Retrieval. In Proceedings of ICCS’03, pages 41–48, Desden, 2003.

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S. Rudd and H. Cunningham. Low-energy authentication with selective privacy for heterogeneous iot devices in smart-farms. In 2021 30th Conference of Open Innovations Association FRUCT, pages 230–238, 2021.

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S. Rudd and H. Cunningham. Selective privacy in IoT smart-farms for battery-powered device longevity. 2021.

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H. Saggion, J. Kuper, T. Declerck, D. Reidsma, and H. Cunningham. Intelligent Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval through Multi-source Information Extraction and Merging. In IJCAI 2003, Acapulco, Mexico, 2003.

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C. Ursu, T. Tablan, H. Cunningham, and B. Popav. Digital media preservation and access through semantically enhanced web-annotation. In Proceedings of the 2nd European Workshop on the Integration of Knowledge, Semantic and Digital Media Technologies (EWIMT 2005), December 01 2005.

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T. Wang, D. Maynard, W. Peters, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Extracting a domain ontology from linguistic resource based on relatedness measurements. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI 2005), Septmeber 2005.

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T. Wang, Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, and J. Wang. Automatic Extraction of Hierarchical Relations from Text. In Proceedings of the Third European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2006), Budva, Montenegro, 2006.

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H. Cunningham, W. Peters, C. McCauley, K. Bontcheva, and Y. Wilks. A Level Playing Field for Language Resource Evaluation. In Workshop on Distributing and Accessing Lexical Resources at Conference on Language Resources Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 1998.

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H. Cunningham and K. Bontcheva. Software Architectures for Language Engineering: a Critical Review. Technical Report CS–03–99, Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, 2003.

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S. Azzam, K. Humphreys, R. Gaizauskas, H. Cunningham, and Y. Wilks. Using a Language Independent Domain Model for Multilingual Information Extraction. In C. Spryrodopoulos, editor, Proceedings of the IJCAI-97 Workshop on Multilinguality in the Software Industry: the AI Contribution (MULSAIC-97), 1997.

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W. Black, H. Cunningham, B. Geurts, and G. Rentier. The PLUS Natural Language Engine. Technical Report ESPRIT Project P5254 (PLUS) Deliverable 2, Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, Manchester, 1993.

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K. Bontcheva, H. Brugman, A. Russel, P. Wittenburg, and H. Cunningham. An Experiment in Unifying Audio-Visual and Textual Infrastructures for Language Processing R&D. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Using Toolsets and Architectures To Build NLP Systems at COLING-2000, Luxembourg, 2000. http://gate.ac.uk/.

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K. Bontcheva, C. Brewster, F. Ciravegna, H. Cunningham, L. Guthrie, R. Gaizauskas, and Y. Wilks. Using HLT for Acquiring, Retrieving and Publishing Knowledge in AKT: Position Paper. In Workshop on Human Language Technology and Knowledge Management, Toulouse, France, 2001. http://www.elsnet.org/acl2001-hlt+km.html.

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K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, V. Tablan, D. Maynard, and O. Hamza. Using GATE as an Environment for Teaching NLP. In Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Effective Tools and Methodologies in Teaching NLP, 2002.

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K. Bontcheva, M. Dimitrov, D. Maynard, V. Tablan, and H. Cunningham. Shallow Methods for Named Entity Coreference Resolution. In Chaînes de références et résolveurs d’anaphores, workshop TALN 2002, Nancy, France, 2002.

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K. Bontcheva, A. Kiryakov, H. Cunningham, B. Popov, and M. Dimitrov. Semantic web enabled, open source language technology. In EACL workshop on Language Technology and the Semantic Web: NLP and XML, Budapest, Hungary, 2003.

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K. Bontcheva, H. Cunningham, I. Roberts, and V. Tablan. Web-based collaborative corpus annotation: Requirements and a framework implementation. In Proceedings of the Workshop on New Challenges for NLP Frameworks, Valletta, Malta, May 2010.

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D. Damljanovic, M. Agatonovic, and H. Cunningham. Usability of Natural Language Interfaces for Querying Ontologies (poster). In Workshop on Controlled Natural Language (CNL 2009), 2009.

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D. Damljanovic, J. Petrak, and H. Cunningham. Random Indexing for Searching Large RDF Graphs. In Poster Session at the Proceedings of the 7th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2010), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Heraklion, Greece, June 2010. Springer-Verlag.

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D. Damljanovic, M. Agatonovic, and H. Cunningham. FREyA: an Interactive Way of Querying Linked Data using Natural Language. In Proceedings of 1st Workshop on Question Answering over Linked Data (QALD-1), Collocated with the 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2011), Heraklion, Greece, June 2011.

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B. Davis, S. Handschuh, H. Cunningham, and V. Tablan. Further use of Controlled Natural Language for Semantic Annotation of Wikis. In Proceedings of the 1st Semantic Authoring and Annotation Workshop at ISWC2006, Athens, Georgia, USA, November 2006.

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Y. Gotoh, S. Renals, R. Gaizauskas, G. Williams, and H. Cunningham. Named Entity Tagged Language Models for LVCSR. Technical Report CS-98-05, Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, 1998.

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O. Hamza, D. M. V.Tablan, C. Ursu, H. Cunningham, and Y. Wilks. Named Entity Recognition in Romanian. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, 2002.

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O. Hamza, K. Bontcheva, D. Maynard, V. Tablan, and H. Cunningham. Named Entity Recognition in Romanian. In Proceedings of Workshop on Information Extraction for Slavonic and other Central and Eastern European Languages (IESL’03), Borovets, Bulgaria, 2003.

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M. Hewitt and H. Cunningham. Taxonomic Classification of IoT Smart Home Voice Control. arXiv/cs.HC, CoRR, abs/2210.15656, 2022. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.15656.

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Y. Li, C. Miao, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Perceptron Learning for Chinese Word Segmentation. In Proceedings of Fourth SIGHAN Workshop on Chinese Language processing (Sighan-05), pages 154–157, Korea, 2005.

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Y. Li, K. Bontcheva, and H. Cunningham. Cost Sensitive Evaluation Measures for F-term Patent Classification. In The First International Workshop on Evaluating Information Access (EVIA 2007), pages 44–53, May 2007.

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